Article Title：Fin-de-siecle Austrian thought and the rise of scientific philosophy
Abstract：
I consider three conditions to explain the emergence of scientific philosophy in Austrian thought at the turn of the century, concentrating on Vienna and Graz as distinct centers of philosophical development: (1) An outlook that seeks philosophical truth in sound reasoning, combined with a commitment to developing and practicing a methodology that is not essentially dependent on any particular culture's literary-philosophical traditions; (2) The desire to transcend national boundaries in the pursuit of philosophical understanding, as manifested in international professional conferences, publications, and training of international students; and (3) Cultural infrastructure that sustains ambitious philosophical projects, including tangible assets like financial resources, established educational institutions and communication networks, but also less conspicuous elements, such as, among others, a political environment of open inquiry, a relatively free press, community support for the enhancement of learning, and participation in an international language of science.
Keywords: Austro-Hungarian Empire; Franz Brentano; logical positivism; neo-Kantianism; philosophy; science
DOI: 10.1016/S0191-6599(01)00050-X
Source：HISTORY OF EUROPEAN IDEAS
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